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http://brainslab.wordpress.com/

I''m studying how the brain works on various levels; this blog chronicles some of my informal notes along the way. I previously went to Vassar College, majoring in Neuroscience and Behavior with a minor in Math. Now I work at a biology lab in Maryland. I appreciate any feedback that you may have, good or bad. You can email me at amckenz at g mail dot com. What I write on here is obviously my opinion. Everything on the site is filed under a Creative Commons License v. 3.0. That means that you can copy and re-publish this stuff anywhere without my permission. Thanks for reading. Essay titles include: * A Loss of Agency Following Use of ADHD Medications in College Aged Adults * An Evolutionary Account of the Environmentally Programmed Stress Response * Changes in protein structure of myelin sheaths throughout vertebrate evolution * Effect of Glucocorticoids on the Attenuation in Neurogenesis due to Sleep Deprivation * Insulin sensitivity and age-related memory changes due to caloric restriction * Is Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus Linked to Depression? * Novelty-Seeking and Associative Learning of Chemotaxis in C. Elegans * The Effects of D2 Receptors on the Inverted U-Shape Response Curve to Psychostimulants * Three Applications of Optogenetics The author has included some tricks and illusions from around the web that reveal fascinating facets of our thought processes including: The Checker, Sensory Homonculus Picture, A Blindspot Demonstration, A Ball in a Box, Iterated Choices, The Max Plank Institute for Biological Cybernetics, The Motion Aftereffect Illusion, The Phi Phenomenon, The Common Fate Phenomenon, A Double Face, The Troxler Effect

Proper citation: Brains Lab (RRID:SCR_010534) Copy   

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http://www.mhasweb.org/

A dataset of a prospective panel study of health and aging in Mexico. The study was designed to ensure comparability with the U.S. Health and Retirement Study in many domains, and the NHANES III. The baseline survey in 2001 is nationally representative of the 13 million Mexicans born prior to 1951. The six Mexican states which are home to 40% of all migrants to the U.S. were over-sampled at a rate of 1.7:1. Spouse/partners of eligible respondents were interviewed also, even if the spouse was born after 1950. Completed interviews were obtained in 9,862 households, for a total of 15,186 individual interviews. All interviews were face-to-face, with average duration of 82 minutes. A direct interview (on the Basic questionnaire) was sought, and Proxy interviews were obtained when poor health or temporary absence precluded a direct interview. Questionnaire topics included the following: * HEALTH MEASURES: self-reports of conditions, symptoms, functional status, hygienic behaviors (e.g., smoking & drinking history), use/source/costs of health care services, depression, pain, reading and cognitive performance; * BACKGROUND: Childhood health and living conditions, education, ability to read/write and count, migration history, marital history; * FAMILY: rosters of all children (including deceased children); for each, demographic attributes, summary indicators of childhood and current health, education, current work status, migration. Parent and sibling migration experiences; * TRANSFERS: financial and time help given to and received by respondent from children, indexed to specific child; time and financial help to parent; * ECONOMIC: sources and amounts of income, including wages, pensions, and government subsidies; type and value of assets. All amount variables are bracketed in case of non-response. * HOUSING ENVIRONMENT: type, location, building materials, other indicators of quality, and ownership of consumer durables; * ANTHROPOMETRIC: for a 20% sub-sample, measured weight, height; waist, hip, and calf circumference; knee height, and timed one-leg stands. Current plans are to conduct another two follow-up surveys in 2012 and 2014 and will field the 3rd and 4th waves of survey data collection in Mexico. For the 2012 wave, interviews will be sought for: every person who was part of the panel in 2003 and their new spouse / partner, if applicable, and a new sample of persons born between 1952 and 1962. For the 2014 wave, we will follow-up the whole sample from 2012. Interviews will be conducted person-to-person. Direct interviews will be sought with all informants, but proxy interviews are allowed for those unable to complete their own interview for health or cognitive reasons. A next-of-kin interview will be completed with a knowledgeable respondent for those who were part of the panel but have died since the last interview. A sub-sample will be selected to obtain objective markers such as blood sample and anthropometric measures. Data Availability: The 2001 baseline data, 2003 follow-up data, and documentation can be downloaded. * Dates of Study: 2001-2003 * Study Features: Longitudinal, International, Anthropometric Measures * Sample Size: 2001: 15,186 (Baseline) Link: * ICPSR: http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/00142

Proper citation: Mexican Health and Aging Study (RRID:SCR_000818) Copy   

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http://www.alzheimer-hellas.gr/english.php

A non-profit organization whose aim is to offer advice concerning the care of Alzheimer''''s disease patients, information and services for the people affected and their families. Also, to offer mutual help to the family members of the patients in order to reduce the social, economic and emotional cost deriving from the long care of people suffering from dementia. Lastly, the association attempts to publicize the social needs of the population affected and to inform the public in order to be acquainted with the problem. The mission of the Greek Association of Alzheimer''''s Disease is * the early diagnosis of dementia by scientists * the promotion of research * education and training for all the stakeholders * the development of Care Units for patients with Alzheimer''''s Disease * the provision of useful information and advise (24 hour help-line) on dementia problems (caring, legal or financial issues) * the presentation of lectures by health professionals and informal carers, covering all aspects of Alzheimer Disease * and the development of professional seminars during the whole year.

Proper citation: Greek Association of Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders (RRID:SCR_003938) Copy   

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http://thelongevityfoundation.org/

Funding resource that supports research into A-T (Ataxia Telangiectasia) and other debilitating, degenerative diseases plaguing human kind, including cancer and neuro-degeneration associated with auto-immunity and aging. Researchers share their findings and collaborate with each other. The research must lead to practical, near-term treatments and cures to receive funds. The researchers have found treatments and cures that are the first of their kind in the world. Over $850,000 in direct research grants have been made. These grants have leveraged over $9 million in research resources contributed by partner institutions. We pay the research institutions for direct costs only. We pay no administrative, indirect, or overhead costs.

Proper citation: Longevity Foundation (RRID:SCR_006338) Copy   

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http://www.stanford.edu/~yesavage/ROC.html

Software program designed to help the average clinician/researcher with a PC to evaluate clinical databases and discover the characteristics of patients, including genetics that best predict a binary outcome. That outcome may be any binary outcome such as: * Whether or not the patient has a certain disorder (medical test evaluation) * Whether or not the patient is likely to develop a certain disorder (risk factor evaluation) * Whether or not the patient is likely to respond to a certain treatment (evaluation of treatment moderators) When the predictors considered are themselves all binary (e.g., male/female; inpatient/outpatient; symptoms present/absent), the program identifies the optimal predictor. When one or more of the predictors are ordinal (e.g., age, severity of symptoms) it identifies the optimal cutpoint for each or the ordinal predictors, as well as the overall optimal predictor.

Proper citation: Signal Detection Software for Receiver Operator Characteristics (RRID:SCR_008752) Copy   

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http://www.alz.org/

A non profit organization dedicated to providing support for patients and families with Alzheimer's disease, to educating the public about the disease, to funding a wide range of Alzheimer's disease related research and to finding ways to treat and eventually to prevent Alzheimer's disease. Resources include: the Alzheimer's Association Green-Field Library, a research grants program, and the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association.

Proper citation: Alzheimers Association (RRID:SCR_007398) Copy   

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http://www.fli-leibniz.de/

The Leibniz Institute for Aging Research - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) is the first national research institute in Germany that deals with biomedical research into human aging. Aging is a multifactorial process that is influenced by the environment and genetic factors.

Proper citation: Fritz Lipmann Institute; Jena; Germany (RRID:SCR_011250) Copy   

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http://www.mst.edu/

Founded in 1870 as one of the first technological schools west of the Mississippi, Missouri S&T is one of the nation''s top technological research universities. Missouri S&T produced the engineers, scientists and innovators who helped drive the Industrial Revolution and launch the Space Age. Today, our graduates are poised to lead the new global, green economy.

Proper citation: Missouri University of Science and Technology; Missouri; USA (RRID:SCR_011396) Copy   

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http://www.ohioalzcenter.org/

The University Memory and Aging Center (formerly known as University Alzheimer Center) is a partnership of Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland promoting the best possible care for persons with memory problems, and assisting their families, through an integrated program of clinical services, research, and education. Our staff includes a wide range of professionals dedicating their time and efforts to understand and work for the betterment of those affected by any disorder which affects cognitive abilities. We include Neuroscientists, Neurologists, Psychologists, Sociologists, Social Workers, Nurses, Clinical trials coordinators, Research Assistants, Data Managers and Administrative staff. We work with researchers in Cleveland, throughout the US and around the globe.

Proper citation: University Memory and Aging Center (RRID:SCR_010611) Copy   

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http://www.progeriaresearch.org/index.html

The mission of The Progeria Research Foundation is to discover treatments and the cure for Progeria, and its aging related disorders. Progeria is a rare and fatal genetic disease characterized by an appearance of accelerated aging in children. Without the discovery of new treatments, all children with Progeria will die of heart disease at an average age of 13 years. The Progeria Research Foundation (PRF) was founded in 1999 in response to the complete lack of progress being made to help children with Progeria. We have filled a void, taking these children out of the background where they had been for over 100 years and putting them and Progeria at the forefront of scientific efforts. In just 11.5 years, we have achieved extraordinary progress towards our mission: the Progeria gene discovery in 2003, first-ever clinical drug trials initiated in 2007, extensive global awareness of the disease and PRF''s work, and discovery of critical biological links between Progeria, heart disease and aging we all experience.

Proper citation: Progeria Research Foundation (RRID:SCR_012786) Copy   

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http://www.alzprotect.com/en/

Commercial organization that develops drug candidates in the field of neurodegenerative diseases and particularly Alzheimer's. Their main objective is the development of a drug against Alzheimer's disease from molecules patented by Inserm and the University of Lille II.

Proper citation: AlzProtect (RRID:SCR_000492) Copy   

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http://www.salk.edu/

The Salk Institute conducts research within three major areas of study: Molecular Biology and Genetics; Neurosciences; and Plant Biology. Six key areas represent strategic research priorities: Chemistry and Proteomics; Stem Cell Biology; Cell Biology; Regulatory Biology; Metabolic Research; and Computational and Theoretical Biology.

Proper citation: Salk Institute for Biological Studies (RRID:SCR_000752) Copy   

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http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth

Longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of adolescents in grades 7-12 in the United States during the 1994-95 school year. Public data on about 21,000 people first surveyed in 1994 are available on the first phases of the study, as well as study design specifications. It also includes some parent and biomarker data. The Add Health cohort has been followed into young adulthood with four in-home interviews, the most recent in 2008, when the sample was aged 24-32. Add Health combines longitudinal survey data on respondents social, economic, psychological and physical well-being with contextual data on the family, neighborhood, community, school, friendships, peer groups, and romantic relationships, providing unique opportunities to study how social environments and behaviors in adolescence are linked to health and achievement outcomes in young adulthood. The fourth wave of interviews expanded the collection of biological data in Add Health to understand the social, behavioral, and biological linkages in health trajectories as the Add Health cohort ages through adulthood. The restricted-use contract includes four hours of free consultation with appropriate staff; after that, there''s a fee for help. Researchers can also share information through a listserv devoted to the database.

Proper citation: Add Health (National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health) (RRID:SCR_007434) Copy   

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http://senselab.med.yale.edu/cellpropdb

A repository for data regarding membrane channels, receptor and neurotransmitters that are expressed in specific types of cells. The database is presently focused on neurons but will eventually include other cell types, such as glia, muscle, and gland cells. This resource is intended to: * Serve as a repository for data on gene products expressed in different brain regions * Support research on cellular properties in the nervous system * Provide a gateway for entering data into the cannonical neuron forms in NeuronDB * Identify receptors across neuron types to aid in drug development * Serve as a first step toward a functional genomics of nerve cells * Serve as a teaching aid

Proper citation: Cell Properties Database (RRID:SCR_007285) Copy   

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http://gan.usc.edu

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on July 17, 2013. A data mining platform for the biogerontological-geriatric research community. It enables users to analyze, query, and visualize the aging-related genomic data. Our goal is to facilitate the digestion and usage of the public genomic data. A current focus is on integrative analysis of microarray gene expression data. We are establishing a central database for aging microarray data of six species: human (H. sapiens), rat (R. norvegicus), mouse (M. musculus), "fly" (D. melanogaster), "worm" (C. elegans), and yeast (S. cerevisiae). GAN is equipped with a set of bioinformatics tools for analysis of the microarray data sets, cross-platform and cross-species.

Proper citation: Gene Aging Nexus (RRID:SCR_000735) Copy   

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http://genomics.senescence.info/species/

Curated database of aging and life history in animals, including extensive longevity records and complementary traits for > 4000 vertebrate species. AnAge was primarily developed for comparative biology studies, in particular studies of longevity and aging, but can also be useful for ecological and conservation studies and as a reference for zoos and field biologists.

Proper citation: anage (RRID:SCR_001470) Copy   

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http://www.nia.nih.gov/ResearchInformation/ScientificResources/LongitudinalStudies.htm

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on August 11, 2015. A searchable database for epidemiologic research on aging changes across the lifespan. In 2003, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) established the Longitudinal Data on Aging (LDA) working group to assist with the development of research initiatives for identifying the physiologic and other types of factors across the lifespan, affecting onset and progression of disease with advancing age, as well as elucidation of protective factors contributing to exceptionally healthy aging. This database was developed based on input from the LDA working group which indicated that establishing a database of existing sources of longitudinal data on aging (e.g., ongoing longitudinal cohorts, longitudinal data sets, biospecimen repositories) would be a valuable resource for facilitating future research on aging changes across the lifespan. The longitudinal studies, data sets and repositories included in this database encompass a wide range of age groups (childhood to old age), studies in minority populations, as well as sources of longitudinal data existing in the United States and abroad. Our primary purpose for establishing this database is to provide a resource for potential applicants for grants to the NIA. No part of this database can be used for commercial purposes.

Proper citation: National Institute on Aging, Database of Longitudinal Studies (RRID:SCR_008259) Copy   

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http://www.lisdatacenter.org/

A cross-national data archive located in Luxembourg that contains two primary databases: the Luxembourg Income Study Database (LIS Database) includes income microdata from a large number of countries at multiple points in time. The newer Luxembourg Wealth Study Database(LWS Database) includes wealth microdata from a smaller selection of countries. Both databases include labor market and demographic data as well. Our mission is to enable, facilitate, promote, and conduct cross-national comparative research on socio-economic outcomes and on the institutional factors that shape those outcomes. Since its beginning in 1983, the LIS has grown into a cooperative research project with a membership that includes countries in Europe, North America, and Australia. The database now contains information for more than 30 countries with datasets that span up to three decades. The LIS databank has a total of over 140 datasets covering the period 1968 to 2005. The primary objectives of the LIS are as follows: * Test the feasibility for creating a database containing social and economic data collected in household surveys from different countries; * Provide a method which allows researchers to use the data under restrictions required by the countries providing the data; * Create a system that allows research requests to be received from and returned to users at remote locations; and * Promote comparative research on the social and economic status of various populations and subgroups in different countries. Data Availability: The dataset is accessed globally via electronic mail networks. Extensive documentation concerning technical aspects of the survey data, variables list, and the social institutions of income provision in member countries are also available to users through the project Website. * Dates of Study: 1968-present * Study Features: International * Sample Size: 30+ Countries Link: * ICPSR: http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/00150

Proper citation: Luxembourg Income Study (RRID:SCR_008732) Copy   

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http://centerforaging.duke.edu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=115&Itemid=152

The project has been collecting detailed panel data about the health, disability, demographic, family, socioeconomic, and behavioral risk-factors for mortality and healthy longevity of the oldest old, with a comparative sub-sample of younger elders, to examine the factors in healthy longevity. The baseline survey was conducted in 1998 and the follow-up surveys with replacement to compensate for deceased elders were conducted in 2000, 2002, 2005, and 2008, For each centenarian, one near-by octogenarian (aged 80-89) and one near-by nonagenarian (aged 90-99) of pre-designated age and sex were interviewed. Near-by is loosely defined it could be in the same village or street if available, or in the same town or in the same county or city. The idea was to have comparable numbers of male and female octogenarians and nonagenarians at each age from 80 to 99. In 2002, the study added a refresher sub-sample of 4,845 interviewees aged 65-79, and a sub-sample of 4,478 adult children (aged 35-65) of the elderly interviewees aged 65-110 in eight provinces Comparative study of intergenerational relationships in the context of rapid aging and healthy longevity between Mainland China and Taiwan is possible. At each wave, the longitudinal survivors were re-interviewed, and the deceased interviewees were replaced by additional participants. Data on mortality and health status before dying for the 12,136 elders aged 65-112 who died between the waves were collected in interviews with a close family member of the deceased. The study also included interviews and follow-ups with 4,478 elderly interviewees'''' children aged 35-65. * Dates of Study: 1998-2005 * Study Features: Longitudinal, International * Sample Size: ** 1998: 8,993 ** 2000: 11,199 ** 2002: 16,064 ** 2005: 14,923 Links * Data Archive, http://www.geri.duke.edu/china_study/CLHLS6.htm * ICPSR, http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACDA/studies/03891

Proper citation: Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) (RRID:SCR_008904) Copy   

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http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/4050?geography=South+Carolina

The Charleston Heart Study (CHS) is a prospective cohort study of 2,283 subjects (1,394 whites, 889 blacks) in which risk factors of coronary disease have been examined for the past 43 years. The CHS began enrolling a random selection of community residents who in 1960 were 35 years of age and older ����?? including men and women, black and white. A unique feature of this cohort is the fact that 102 high socio-economic status (SES) black men were purposefully included. The primary hypothesis of the original study was to investigate racial differences in the manifestation and risk factors for coronary disease. Over the ensuing 40+ years, a variety of outcome measurements were incorporated into the re-examination of the participants, including psychosocial, behavioral, aging and functional measures. Subjects were initially interviewed and examined in 1960 and 1963. Subsequent interviews and examinations took place during the following time periods: 1974-1975, 1984-1985, 1987-1989, and 1990-1991. During the most recent questionnaire (1990-1991), the following topics were examined: general health, smoking, functional disability, physical disability, cardiovascular health, sexual dysfunction, cognitive disability, depression, coffee consumption, medication history, medical history, nutrition, and body image. In addition, serum samples and blood pressure measurements were taken, and a physical exam was performed by a physician. A search of the National Death Index was completed through the year 2000, matching individuals with date and cause of death. Vital status of the CHS study participants through 12-31-2000 is presented below. Dead * White Men 539 (82.5%) * White Women 500 (67.5%) * Black Men 281 (84.4%) * High SES Black Men 59 (57.8%) * Black Women 343 (75.6%) Data Availability: Datasets are stored in the National Archive of Computerized Data on Aging (NACDA) in the ICPSR as Study No. 4050. Data are also available from the Medical University of South Carolina Library; contact a PI, Paul J. Nietert, nieterpj (at) musc.edu for further information. * Dates of Study: 1960-2000 * Study Features: Longitudinal, Minority Oversamples, Anthropometric Measures * Sample Size: 1960: 2,283 (baseline) Link ICPSR, http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/04050

Proper citation: Charleston Heart Study (RRID:SCR_008895) Copy   

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