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http://fullmal.hgc.jp/index_ajax.html

FULL-malaria is a database for a full-length-enriched cDNA library from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Because of its medical importance, this organism is the first target for genome sequencing of a eukaryotic pathogen; the sequences of two of its 14 chromosomes have already been determined. However, for the full exploitation of this rapidly accumulating information, correct identification of the genes and study of their expression are essential. Using the oligo-capping method, this database has produced a full-length-enriched cDNA library from erythrocytic stage parasites and performed one-pass reading. The database consists of nucleotide sequences of 2490 random clones that include 390 (16%) known malaria genes according to BLASTN analysis of the nr-nt database in GenBank; these represent 98 genes, and the clones for 48 of these genes contain the complete protein-coding sequence (49%). On the other hand, comparisons with the complete chromosome 2 sequence revealed that 35 of 210 predicted genes are expressed, and in addition led to detection of three new gene candidates that were not previously known. In total, 19 of these 38 clones (50%) were full-length. From these observations, it is expected that the database contains approximately 1000 genes, including 500 full-length clones. It should be an invaluable resource for the development of vaccines and novel drugs. Full-malaria has been updated in at least three points. (i) 8934 sequences generated from the addition of new libraries added so that the database collection of 11,424 full-length cDNAs covers 1375 (25%) of the estimated number of the entire 5409 parasite genes. (ii) All of its full-length cDNAs and GenBank EST sequences were mapped to genomic sequences together with publicly available annotated genes and other predictions. This precisely determined the gene structures and positions of the transcriptional start sites, which are indispensable for the identification of the promoter regions. (iii) A total of 4257 cDNA sequences were newly generated from murine malaria parasites, Plasmodium yoelii yoelii. The genome/cDNA sequences were compared at both nucleotide and amino acid levels, with those of P.falciparum, and the sequence alignment for each gene is presented graphically. This part of the database serves as a versatile platform to elucidate the function(s) of malaria genes by a comparative genomic approach. It should also be noted that all of the cDNAs represented in this database are supported by physical cDNA clones, which are publicly and freely available, and should serve as indispensable resources to explore functional analyses of malaria genomes. Sponsors: This database has been constructed and maintained by a Grant-in-Aid for Publication of Scientific Research Results from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). This work was also supported by a Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology from the Science and Technology Agency of Japan (STA) and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan.

Proper citation: Full-Malaria: Malaria Full-Length cDNA Database (RRID:SCR_002348) Copy   

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http://people.biochem.umass.edu/fournierlab/3dmodmap/

Database of maps showing the sites of modified rRNA nucleotides. Access to the rRNA sequences, secondary structures both with modification sites indicated, 3D modification maps and the supporting tables of equivalent nucleotides for rRNA from model organisms including yeast, arabidopsis, e. coli and human is provided. This database complements the Yeast snoRNA Database at UMass-Amherst and relies on linking to some content from that database, as well as to others by colleagues in related fields. Therefore, please be very cognizant as to the source when citing information obtained herein. Locations of modified rRNA nucleotides within the 3D structure of the ribosome.

Proper citation: 3D Ribosomal Modification Maps Database (RRID:SCR_003097) Copy   

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http://compbio.uthsc.edu/miRSNP/

Database of naturally occurring DNA variations in microRNA (miRNA) seed regions and miRNA target sites. MicroRNAs pair to the transcripts of protein-coding genes and cause translational repression or mRNA destabilization. SNPs and INDELs in miRNAs and their target sites may affect miRNA-mRNA interaction, and hence affect miRNA-mediated gene repression. The PolymiRTS database was created by scanning 3'UTRs of mRNAs in human and mouse for SNPs and INDELs in miRNA target sites. Then, the potential downstream effects of these polymorphisms on gene expression and higher-order phenotypes are identified. Specifically, genes containing PolymiRTSs, cis-acting expression QTLs, and physiological QTLs in mouse and the results of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of human traits and diseases are linked in the database. The PolymiRTS database also includes polymorphisms in target sites that have been supported by a variety of experimental methods and polymorphisms in miRNA seed regions.

Proper citation: PolymiRTS (RRID:SCR_003389) Copy   

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http://ratmap.gen.gu.se/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented May 10, 2017. A pilot effort that has developed a centralized, web-based biospecimen locator that presents biospecimens collected and stored at participating Arizona hospitals and biospecimen banks, which are available for acquisition and use by researchers. Researchers may use this site to browse, search and request biospecimens to use in qualified studies. The development of the ABL was guided by the Arizona Biospecimen Consortium (ABC), a consortium of hospitals and medical centers in the Phoenix area, and is now being piloted by this Consortium under the direction of ABRC. You may browse by type (cells, fluid, molecular, tissue) or disease. Common data elements decided by the ABC Standards Committee, based on data elements on the National Cancer Institute''s (NCI''s) Common Biorepository Model (CBM), are displayed. These describe the minimum set of data elements that the NCI determined were most important for a researcher to see about a biospecimen. The ABL currently does not display information on whether or not clinical data is available to accompany the biospecimens. However, a requester has the ability to solicit clinical data in the request. Once a request is approved, the biospecimen provider will contact the requester to discuss the request (and the requester''s questions) before finalizing the invoice and shipment. The ABL is available to the public to browse. In order to request biospecimens from the ABL, the researcher will be required to submit the requested required information. Upon submission of the information, shipment of the requested biospecimen(s) will be dependent on the scientific and institutional review approval. Account required. Registration is open to everyone., documented September 2, 2016. Database for defining official rat gene symbols. It includes rat gene symbols from three major sources: the Rat Genome Database (RGD), Ensembl, and NCBI-Gene. All rat symbols are compared with official symbols from orthologous human genes as specified by the Human Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC). Based on the outcome of the comparisons, a rat gene symbol may be selected. Rat symbols that do not match a human ortholog undergo a strict procedure of comparisons between the different rat gene sources as well as with the Mouse Genome Database (MGD). For each rat gene this procedure results in an unambiguous gene designation. The designation is presented as a status level that accompanies every rat gene symbol suggested in the database. The status level describes both how a rat symbol was selected, and its validity. Rat Gene Symbol Tracker approves rat gene symbols by an automatic procedure. The rat genes are presented with links to RGD, Ensembl, NCBI Gene, MGI and HGNC. RGST ensures that each acclaimed rat gene symbol is unique and follows the guidelines given by the RGNC. To each symbol a status level associated, describing the gene naming process.

Proper citation: Rat Gene Symbol Tracker (RRID:SCR_003261) Copy   

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http://bioinfo.mbi.ucla.edu/ASAP/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on 8/12/13. Database to access and mine alternative splicing information coming from genomics and proteomics based on genome-wide analyses of alternative splicing in human (30 793 alternative splice relationships found) from detailed alignment of expressed sequences onto the genomic sequence. ASAP provides precise gene exon-intron structure, alternative splicing, tissue specificity of alternative splice forms, and protein isoform sequences resulting from alternative splicing. They developed an automated method for discovering human tissue-specific regulation of alternative splicing through a genome-wide analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs), which involves classifying human EST libraries according to tissue categories and Bayesian statistical analysis. They use the UniGene clusters of human Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) to identify splices. The UniGene EST's are clustered so that a single cluster roughly corresponds to a gene (or at least a part of a gene). A single EST represents a portion of a processed (already spliced) mRNA. A given cluster contains many ESTs, each representing an outcome of a series of splicing events. The ESTs in UniGene contain the different mRNA isoforms transcribed from an alternatively spliced gene. They are not predicting alternative splicing, but locating it based on EST analysis. The discovered splices are further analyzed to determine alternative splicing events. They have identified 6201 alternative splice relationships in human genes, through a genome-wide analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Starting with 2.1 million human mRNA and EST sequences, they mapped expressed sequences onto the draft human genome sequence and only accepted splices that obeyed the standard splice site consensus. After constructing a tissue list of 46 human tissues with 2 million human ESTs, they generated a database of novel human alternative splices that is four times larger than our previous report, and used Bayesian statistics to compare the relative abundance of every pair of alternative splices in these tissues. Using several statistical criteria for tissue specificity, they have identified 667 tissue-specific alternative splicing relationships and analyzed their distribution in human tissues. They have validated our results by comparison with independent studies. This genome-wide analysis of tissue specificity of alternative splicing will provide a useful resource to study the tissue-specific functions of transcripts and the association of tissue-specific variants with human diseases.

Proper citation: ASAP: the Alternative Splicing Annotation Project (RRID:SCR_003415) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.mitomap.org/

Database of polymorphisms and mutations of the human mitochondrial DNA. It reports published and unpublished data on human mitochondrial DNA variation. All data is curated by hand. If you would like to submit published articles to be included in mitomap, please send them the citation and a pdf.

Proper citation: MITOMAP - A human mitochondrial genome database (RRID:SCR_002996) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/eib

The EIB provides assessment tests for substance disorder related clinical instruments that are freely available. Details regarding copyright and/or possible use restrictions are specified for each instrument. Instruments are generally classed according to the intervention field they are designed to be used in (treatment, prevention, or harm reduction), though some instruments may be usable in more than one field.

Proper citation: Evaluation Instruments Bank (RRID:SCR_013246) Copy   

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http://itfp.biosino.org/itfp/

ITFP is an integrated transcription factor (TF) platform, which included abundant TFs and targets message of mammalian. Support vector machine (SVM) algorithm combined with error-correcting output coding (ECOC) algorithm was utilized to identify and classify transcription factor from protein sequence of Human, Mouse and Rat. For transcription factor targets, a reverse engineering method named ARACNE was used to derive potential interaction pairs between transcription factor and downstream regulated gene from Human, Mouse and Rat gene expression profile data. Detailed information of gene expression profile data can be found in help page. Moreover, all data provided by the platform is free for non-commercial users and can be downloaded through links on help page.

Proper citation: Intergrated Transcription Factor Platform (RRID:SCR_008119) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?iter

ITER is a toxicology data file on the National Library of Medicine''s (NLM) Toxicology Data Network. It contains data in support of human health risk assessments. It is compiled by Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA) and contains over 600 chemical records with key data from the Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry (ATSDR), Health Canada, National Institute of Public Health & the Environment (RIVM) - The Netherlands, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and independent parties whose risk values have undergone peer review. ITER provides a comparison of international risk assessment information in a side-by-side format and explains differences in risk values derived by different organizations. ITER data, focusing on hazard identification and dose-response assessment, is extracted from each agencys assessment and contains links to the source documentation. Among the key data provided in ITER are ATSDRs minimal risk levels; Health Canadas tolerable intakes/concentrations and tumorigenic doses/concentrations; EPAs carcinogen classifications, unit risks, slope factors, oral reference doses, and inhalation reference concentrations; RIVMs maximum permissible risk levels; NSF International''s reference doses and carcinogen risk levels, IARC''s cancer classifications, and noncancer and/or cancer risk values (that have undergone peer review) derived by independent parties. Users can search by chemical or other name, chemical name fragment, or Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number(RN), and/or subject terms. Search results can easily be viewed, printed or downloaded. Search results are displayed in relevancy ranked order. Users may select to display exact term matches, complete records, or any combination of data from the following broad groupings: -Noncancer Oral -Cancer Oral -Noncancer Inhalation -Cancer Inhalation

Proper citation: International Toxicity Estimates for Risk (RRID:SCR_008196) Copy   

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http://mips.gsf.de/proj/ppi/

The MIPS mammalian protein-protein interaction database (MPPI) is a new resource of high-quality experimental protein interaction data in mammals. The content is based on published experimental evidence that has been processed by human expert curators. It is a collection of manually curated high-quality PPI data collected from the scientific literature by expert curators. We took great care to include only data from individually performed experiments since they usually provide the most reliable evidence for physical interactions. To suit different users needs we provide a variety of interfaces to search the database: -Expert interface Simple but powerful boolean query language. -PPI search form Easy to use PPI search -Protein search Just find proteins of interest in the database Sponsors: This work is funded by a grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

Proper citation: MIPS Mammalian Protein-Protein Interaction Database (RRID:SCR_008207) Copy   

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http://www.ebi.ac.uk/asd/altsplice/index.html

AltSplice is a computer generated high quality data set of human transcript-confirmed splice patterns, alternative splice events, and the associated annotations. This data is being integrated with other data that is generated by other members of the ASD consortium. The ASD project will provide the following in its three year duration: -human curated database of alternative spliced genes and their properties -a computer generated database of alternatively spliced genes and their properties -the integration of the above and newly found knowledge in a user-friendly interface and research workbench for both bioinformaticists and biologists -DNA chips that are based on the data in the above databases -the DNA chips will be used to test against predisposition for and diagnoses of human diseases ASD aims to analyse this mechanism on a genome-wide scale by creating a database that contains all alternatively spliced exons from human, and other model species. Disease causing mutations seem to induce aberrations in the process of splicing and its regulation. The ASD consortium will develop a DNA microarray (chip) that contains cDNAs of all the splicing regulatory proteins and their isoforms, as well as a chip that contains a number of disease relevant genes. We will concentrate on three models of disease (breast cancer, FTDP-17, male infertility) in which a connection between mis-splicing and a pathological state has been observed. Finally, these chips will be developed as demonstrative kits to detect predisposition for and diagnosis of such diseases. Categories: Nucleotide Sequences: Gene Structure, Introns and Exons, & Splice Sites Databases

Proper citation: AltSplice Database of Alternative Spliced Events (RRID:SCR_008162) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://agricola.nal.usda.gov/

A database, catalog and index to the collections of the National Agricultural Library, as well as a primary public source for world-wide access to agricultural information. This database resource covers materials in all formats and periods, including printed works from as far back as the 15th century. AGRICOLA is a bibliographic database of citations to the agricultural literature created by the National Agricultural Library and its cooperators. The records describe publications and resources encompassing all aspects of agriculture and allied disciplines, including animal and veterinary sciences, entomology, plant sciences, forestry, aquaculture and fisheries, farming and farming systems, agricultural economics, extension and education, food and human nutrition, and earth and environmental sciences. Although the NAL Catalog (AGRICOLA) does not contain the text of the materials it cites, thousands of its records are linked to full-text documents online, with new links added daily. The NAL Catalog (AGRICOLA) is organized into two bibliographic data sets: *The NAL Online Public Access Catalog (AGRICOLA NAL) contains citations to books, audiovisuals, serials, and other materials, most of which are in the Library''s collection. (The Catalog does contain some records for items not held at NAL.) *The Article Citation Database (AGRICOLA IND) includes citations, many with abstracts, to journal articles (see Journals Indexed in AGRICOLA), book chapters, reports, and reprints, selected primarily from the materials found in the NAL Catalog.

Proper citation: AGRICOLA (RRID:SCR_008158) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://mips.gsf.de/services/genomes/uwe25/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on July 15, 2013. This is the official database of the environmental chlamydia genome project. This resource provides access to finished sequence for Parachlamydia-related symbiont UWE25 and to a wide range of manual annotations, automatical analyses and derived datasets. Functional classification and description has been manually annotated according to the Annotation guidelines. Chlamydiae are the major cause of preventable blindness and sexually transmitted disease. Genome analysis of a chlamydia-related symbiont of free-living amoebae revealed that it is twice as large as any of the pathogenic chlamydiae and had few signs of recent lateral gene acquisition. We showed that about 700 million years ago the last common ancestor of pathogenic and symbiotic chlamydiae was already adapted to intracellular survival in early eukaryotes and contained many virulence factors found in modern pathogenic chlamydiae, including a type III secretion system. Ancient chlamydiae appear to be the originators of mechanisms for the exploitation of eukaryotic cells. Environmental chlamydiae have recently been recognized as obligate endosymbionts of free-living amoebae and have been implicated as potential human pathogens. Environmental chlamydiae form a deep branching evolutionary lineage within the medically important order Chlamydiales. Despite their high diversity and ubiquitous distribution in clinical and environmental samples only limited information about genetics and ecology of these microorganisms is available. The Parachlamydia-related Acanthamoeba symbiont UWE25 was therefore selected as representative environmental chlamydia strain for whole genome sequencing. Comparative genome analysis was performed using PEDANT and simap. Sponsors: The environmental chlamydia genome project was funded by the bmb+f (German Federal Ministry of Education and Research) and is part of the Competence Network PathoGenoMiK.

Proper citation: Protochlamydia amoebophila UWE25 (RRID:SCR_008222) Copy   

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http://mpr.nci.nih.gov/MPR/BrowseProteins.aspx

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on 6/24/13. A repository of information on commercially available phospho-specific antibodies to human phosphorylation sites. It provides a BLAST search for phosphorylation sites using as query the amino acid sequence surrounding the site. It also provides direct links to the relevant antibodies from many companies including BD Pharmingen, Biosource International, Cell Signaling Technology (CST), Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Upstate Biotechnology.

Proper citation: Mammalian Phosphorylation Resource (RRID:SCR_008210) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://chromium.lovd.nl/LOVD2/home.php?select_db=CDKN2A

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented August 23, 2016. The CDKN2A Database presents the germline and somatic variants of the CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene recorded in human disease through June 2003, annotated with evolutionary, structural, and functional information, in a format that allows the user to either download it or manipulate it for their purposes online. The goal is to provide a database that can be used as a resource by researchers and geneticists and that aids in the interpretation of CDKN2A missense variants. Most online mutation databases present flat files that cannot be manipulated, are often incomplete, and have varying degrees of annotation that may or may not help to interpret the data. They hope to use CDKN2A as a prototype for integrating computational and laboratory data to help interpret variants in other cancer-related genes and other single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found throughout the genome. Another goal of the lab is to interpret the functional and disease significance of missense variants in cancer susceptibility genes. Eventually, these results will be relevant to the interpretation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in general. The CDKN2A locus is a valuable model for assessing relationships among variation, structure, function, and disease because: Variants of this gene are associated with hereditary cancer: Familial Melanoma (and related syndromes); somatic alterations play a role in carcinogenesis; allelic variants occur whose functional consequences are unknown; reliable functional assays exist; and crystal structure is known. All variants in the database are recorded according to the nomenclature guidelines as outlined by the Human Genome Variation Society. This database is currently designed for research purposes only and is not yet recommended as a clinical resource. Many of the mutations reported here have not been tested for disease association and may represent normal, non-disease causing polymorphisms.

Proper citation: CDKN2A Database (RRID:SCR_008179) Copy   

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http://jbirc.jbic.or.jp/hinv/ppi/

The PPI view displays H-InvDB human protein-protein interaction (PPI) information. It is constructed by assigning interaction data to H-InvDB proteins which were originally predicted from transcriptional products generated by the H-Invitational project. The PPI view is now providing 32,198 human PPIs comprised of 9,268 H-InvDB proteins. H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB) is an integrated database of human genes and transcripts. By extensive analyses of all human transcripts, we provide curated annotations of human genes and transcripts that include gene structures, alternative splicing isoforms, non-coding functional RNAs, protein functions, functional domains, sub-cellular localizations, metabolic pathways, protein 3D structure, genetic polymorphisms (SNPs, indels and microsatellite repeats) , relation with diseases, gene expression profiling, molecular evolutionary features, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and gene families/groups. Sponsors: This research is financially supported by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan (METI), the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT) and the Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (JBIC). Also, this work is partly supported by the Research Grant for the RIKEN Genome Exploration Research Project from MEXT to Y.H. and the Grant for the RIKEN Frontier Research System, Functional RNA research program.

Proper citation: H-Invitational Database: Protein-Protein Interaction Viewer (RRID:SCR_008054) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://amazonia.montp.inserm.fr/

A web interface and associated tools for easy query of public human transcriptome data by keyword, through thematic pages with list annotations. Amazonia provides a thematic entry to public transcriptomes: users may for instance query a gene on a Stem Cells page, where they will see the expression of their favorite gene across selected microarray experiments related to stem cell biology. This selection of samples can be customized at will among the 6331 samples currently present in the database. Every transcriptome study results in the identification of lists of genes relevant to a given biological condition. In order to include this valuable information in any new query in the Amazonia database, they indicate for each gene in which lists it is included. This is a straightforward and efficient way to synthesize hundreds of microarray publications., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: AmaZonia: Explore the Jungle of Microarrays Results (RRID:SCR_008405) Copy   

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http://www.ebi.ac.uk/asd/altextron/indexhtml

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. A computer generated high quality dataset of human transcript-confirmed constitutive and alternative exons and introns. The alternative events have been delineated and annotated with various characterizations. AltExtron is the prototype database for the production version AltSplice. AltExtron is more geared towards investigating various aspects of the methodologies used, and focuses in general on the biology behind alternative splicing. The complete data used in this work is available for downloading in several flat files, containing human genes, introns, exons, isoform events, human-mouse comparisons, and additional information on GC-AG introns. Two versions of AltExtron data are available - one as prototype (for human) and another as latest build (for human, drosophila, mouse, and others) based on EMBL/GenBank (Feb 2003).

Proper citation: AltExtron Database (RRID:SCR_008404) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.lamhdi.org/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, it has been replaced by Monarch Initiative. LAMHDI, the initiative to Link Animal Models to Human DIsease, is designed to accelerate the research process by providing biomedical researchers with a simple, comprehensive Web-based resource to find the best animal model for their research. LAMDHI is a free, Web-based, resource to help researchers bridge the gap between bench testing and human trials. It provides a free, unbiased resource that enables scientists to quickly find the best animal models for their research studies. LAMHDI includes mouse data from MGI, the Mouse Genome Informatics website; zebrafish data from ZFIN, the Zebrafish Model Organism Database; rat data from RGD, the Rat Genome Database; yeast data from SGD, the Saccharomyces Genome Database; and fly data from FlyBase. LAMHDI.org is operational today, and data is added regularly. Enhancements are planned to let researchers contribute their knowledge of the animal models available through LAMHDI. The LAMHDI goal is to allow researchers to share information about and access to animal models so they can refine research and testing, and reduce or replace the use of animal models where possible. LAMHDI Database Search: LAMHDI brings together scientifically validated information from various sources to create a composite multi-species database of animal models of human disease. To do this, the LAMHDI database is prepared from a variety of sources. The LAMHDI team takes publicly available data from OMIM, NCBI''s Entrez Gene database, Homologene, and WikiPathways, and builds a mathematical graph (think of it as a map or a web) that links these data together. OMIM is used to link human diseases with specific human genes, and Entrez provides universal identifiers for each of those genes. Human genes are linked to their counterpart genes in other species with Homologene, and those genes are linked to other genes tentatively or authoritatively using the data in WikiPathways. This preparatory work gives LAMHDI a web of human diseases linked to specific human genes, orthologous human genes, homologous genes in other species, and both human and non-human genes involved in specific metabolic pathways associated with those diseases. LAMHDI includes model data that partners provide directly from their data structures. For instance, MGI provides information about mouse models, including a disease for each model, as well as some genetic information (the ID of the model, in fact, identifies one or more genes). ZFIN provides genetic information for each zebrafish model, but no diseases, so zebrafish models are integrated by using the genes as the glue. For instance, a zebrafish model built to feature the zebrafish PKD2 gene would plug into the larger disease-gene map at the node representing the zebrafish PKD2 gene, which is connected to the node representing the human PKD2 gene, which in turn is connected to the node representing the human disease known as polycystic kidney disease. (Some of the partner data LAMHDI receives can even extend the base map. MGI provides a disease for every model, and in some cases this allows the creation of a disease-to-gene relationship in the LAMHDI database that might not already be documented in the OMIM dataset.) With curatorial and model information in hand, LAMHDI runs a lengthy automated process that exhaustively searches for every possible path between each model and each disease in the data, up to a set number of hops, producing for each disease-to-model pair a set of links from the disease to the model. The algorithm avoids circular paths and paths that include more than one disease anywhere in the middle of the path. At the end of this phase, LAMHDI has a comprehensive set of paths representing all the disease-to-model relationships in the data, varying in length from one hop to many hops. Each disease-to-model path is essentially a string of nodes in the data, where each node represents a disease, a gene, a linkage between genes (an orthologue, a homologue, or a pathway connection, referred to as a gene cluster or association), or a model. Each node has a human-friendly label, a set of terms and keywords, and - in most cases - a URL linking the node to the data source where it originated. When a researcher submits a search on the LAMHDI website, LAMHDI searches for the user''s search terms in its precomputed list of all known disease-to-model paths. It looks for the terms not only in the disease and model nodes, but also in every node along each path. The complete set of hits may include multiple paths between any given disease-to-model pair of endpoints. Each of these disease-to-model pair sets is ordered by the number of hops it involves, and the one involving the fewest hops is chosen to represent its respective disease-to-model pair in the search results presented to the user. Results are sorted by scores that represent their matches. The number of hops is one barometer of the strength of the evidence linking the model and the disease; fewer hops indicates the relationship is stronger, more hops indicates it may be weaker. This indicator works best for comparing models from a single partner dataset: MGI explicitly identifies a disease for each mouse model, so there can be disease-to-model hits for mice that involve just one hop. Because ZFIN does not explicitly identify a disease for each model, no zebrafish model will involve fewer than four hops to the nearest disease, from the zebrafish model to a zebrafish gene to a gene cluster to a human gene to a human disease.

Proper citation: LAMHDI: The Initiative to Link Animal Models to Human DIsease (RRID:SCR_008643) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://alizadehlab.stanford.edu/

This is an open-source Mouse Exonic Evidence-Based Oligonucleotide Chip (MEEBOChip), and are in the process of building the human counterpart, HEEBOChip. The set of 70mers for MEEBOChip is already available from Illumina, Inc., with synthesis of HEEBOChip 70mers in progress. Both arrays are based on a novel selection of exonic long-oligonucleotides (70-mers) from a genomic annotation of the corresponding complete genome sequences, using a transcriptome-based annotation of exon structure for each genomic locus. Using a combination of existing and custom-tailored tools and datasets (including millions of mRNA and EST sequences), we built and performed a systematic examination of transcript-supported exon structure for each genomic locus at the base-pair level (i.e., exonic evidence). This strategy allowed them to select both constitutive and in many cases alternative exons for nearly every gene in the corresponding genome (e.g., protocadherin locus), allowing an unprecedented exploration of human and mouse biology. Furthermore, they used experimentally derived data to hone the selection of these 70mers, helping maximize their performance under typical fluorescent labeling and hybridization conditions. Specifically, they applied and refined the ArrayOligoSelector algorithm from Joe DeRisis laboratory to select 70mers, considering not only their uniqueness (i.e., hybridization specificity) within the content of the entire genome, but also to overcome the known biases of labeling and hybridization methods (e.g., 3-biased reverse transcription and in vitro transcription reactions).

Proper citation: Alizadehlab: MeeboChip and HeeboChip Open Source Project (RRID:SCR_008384) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry